1070.(Medium)产品销售分析 III

销售表 Sales：

+-------------+-------+
| Column Name | Type  |
+-------------+-------+
| sale_id     | int   |
| product_id  | int   |
| year        | int   |
| quantity    | int   |
| price       | int   |
+-------------+-------+
sale_id 是此表的主键。
product_id 是产品表的外键。
请注意，价格是按每单位计的。

产品表 Product：

+--------------+---------+
| Column Name  | Type    |
+--------------+---------+
| product_id   | int     |
| product_name | varchar |
+--------------+---------+
product_id 是此表的主键。

编写一个 SQL 查询，选出每个销售产品的 第一年 的 产品 id、年份、数量 和 价格。

查询结果格式如下：

Sales table:
+---------+------------+------+----------+-------+
| sale_id | product_id | year | quantity | price |
+---------+------------+------+----------+-------+ 
| 1       | 100        | 2008 | 10       | 5000  |
| 2       | 100        | 2009 | 12       | 5000  |
| 7       | 200        | 2011 | 15       | 9000  |
+---------+------------+------+----------+-------+

Product table:
+------------+--------------+
| product_id | product_name |
+------------+--------------+
| 100        | Nokia        |
| 200        | Apple        |
| 300        | Samsung      |
+------------+--------------+

Result table:
+------------+------------+----------+-------+
| product_id | first_year | quantity | price |
+------------+------------+----------+-------+ 
| 100        | 2008       | 10       | 5000  |
| 200        | 2011       | 15       | 9000  |
+------------+------------+----------+-------+

来源：力扣（LeetCode）

链接：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/product-sales-analysis-iii

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Solution

窗口函数法

select product_id, year first_year, quantity, price
from (
    select *, 
        rank() over (partition by product_id order by year) rk 
    from Sales
) t
where rk = 1

子查询法

select product_id, year first_year, quantity, price
from Sales
where (product_id, year) in (select product_id, min(year)
                            from Sales group by 1)